
1. How to Write a Research Paper. The Abstract
Definition:
An abstract is a summary of work done.
General guidelines:
- a summary is written last; by the time you are done with your research paper, you are able to state briefly what it is about;
- brevity doesn’t mean abbreviations; therefore, use complete sentences to make an abstract readable;
- summarize by stating the purpose, description of your experiment, results and conclusions;
- keep an abstract to a single paragraph;
- an abstract should stand on its own, and not refer to any other part of the paper.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- Make it clear and concise. A reader has to understand what your research paper is about in order to make up his mind: should he read this, or it’s not in his sphere of interests.
2. How to Write a Research Paper. The Introduction
Definition:
Introduction gives your reader an image of what your research paper is going to be about.
General guidelines:
- you can begin with a quotation, question, opposing opinion, short narrative, interesting fact, or an analogy;
- give reasons why your research is important;
- provide a rationale – your specific hypothesis or objective, and describe the reasoning that led you to select them;
- very briefly describe the experimental design and how it will accomplish the stated objectives;
- give a thesis.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- An Introduction is a representation of your efforts. A good beginning will make your readers interested in the topic.
3. How to Write a Research Paper. Materials and Methods
Definition:
This part describes in detail the methodology used to collect data, make observations, etc.
General guidelines:
Materials:
- include those supplies that are not available on the ordinary basis;
- if you used special equipment, make sure to write about it;
- materials may be reported in a separate paragraph or else they may be identified along with your procedures.
Methods:
- the usual way of presenting methods is chronological;
- give detailed descriptions;
- generalize – report how procedures were done, not how they were specifically performed on a particular day.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- Make this part detailed enough so that other people have no difficulties in following your guideline if they want to repeat an experiment.
4. How to Write a Research Paper. Results
Definition:
The results include data, analysis, statistics, graphs, pages with your raw collected data, etc.
General guidelines:
- summarize your findings in text and illustrate them;
- describe each of the results separately, showing the most significant sides;
- don’t try to give explanations;
- figures and tables have to be properly numbered;
- figures and tables can be either included into the text, or attached to the back of the paper.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- The results have to be short.
5. How to Write a Research Paper. Discussion
Definition:
In the discussion you should discuss the results.
General guidelines:
- decide if each hypothesis is supported, rejected, or if you cannot make a decision with confidence;
- explain your observations by focusing on the mechanism;
- try to offer alternative explanations if reasonable alternatives exist;
- include a summary of the work done.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- It is useful to talk about possible errors, too.
- If mistakes were made, tell about them.
- Tell what you could’ve done to correct the mistakes.
6. How to Write a Research Paper. References
Definition:
This is a list of sources that you used during your research paper writing.
General guidelines:
- properly document sources;
- ask your tutor what citation style should be used in citing;
- list sources in an alphabetical order;
- some of your reports may not require references, and if that is the case simply state that “no references were consulted.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- Keep track of used literature from the very beginning.
7. How to Write a Research Paper. Appendices
Definition:
Appendices contain information in greater detail than can be presented in the main body of the paper, but which may be of interest to a few people working specifically in your field.
General guidelines:
- Appendices include:
- list of tables;
- list of figures;
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- Make sure to place the right numbers in order to grant quick access to the tables and figures within the text.
8. How to Write a Research Paper. Acknowledgements
Definition:
This is a thank you page for those who helped you with writing a research paper: tutor, librarians, etc.
Our tips on writing a research paper:
- Don’t generalize. Here it is better to address each person separately.
Research paper is not the most difficult academic assignment; and still, it does take a lot of time!
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