How to Analyze a Poem in an Essay

Any literary analysis is a challenging task since literature includes many elements that can be interpreted differently. However, a stylistic analysis of all the figurative language the poets use may seem even harder. You may never realize what the author actually meant and how to comment on it!

While analyzing poetry, you should pay attention to the form of writing and its content. The purpose of this article by Custom-Writing.org experts is to give you a hand in understanding the rules and structure of poem analysis. First of all, there is some general information regarding the topic. Then, you will find a detailed step-by-step guide, followed by a poetry analysis essay example.

So, don’t worry, you can definitely rock this assignment! Knowing is half the battle, and practice is the other half!

❓ The Purpose of Poetry Analysis
👣 How to Analyze a Poem
📑 Essay Outline
👀 Essay Examples
🔗 References

❓ What Is the Purpose of Poetry Analysis?

Sometimes you may find yourself lost in the structural elements and metaphors of the poems. You start wondering what the purpose of poetry analysis is. In fact, it’s a matter of your personal opinion. The aim is to review someone else’s understanding of the poem, appreciate it, and maybe introduce a new point of view.

👣 How to Analyze a Poem: Main Steps

The fact is that poetry has a lot of exciting stuff to offer. However, it can seem quite overwhelming when you don’t know where to begin. The secret tip is to break it down into small tasks. That is why we suggest you look through the following steps when you need to write a poem analysis essay.

Step #1: Read the poem	Let’s start with small things. Read the poem and focus on it as a whole, catching the overall mood. To have a more profound feeling of the lines, reread it. This time, do it slowly and try to see if you can notice something new.You may find taking notes beneficial. What is your first impression of the poem? What do you think is the main idea? Think about the shape and size of it. Can you feel its rhythm?
Step #2: Focus on the title	Now, go back to the title. Think about why the author decided to identify the poem with it. Usually, it serves as a hint for the core idea of the whole piece. However, sometimes, it may be precisely the opposite, to bring in some irony.How does the title affect your impression of the poem? Does it set some specific expectations regarding the setting or action? Or maybe it’s ambiguous and introduces multiple possibilities, so you can’t tell how it relates to the text?
Step #3: Understand the speaker	Even though you may not be able to identify the speaker, there is always some specific point of view present. Understanding it may help you feel the message of the poem better. Answering the following questions can help you imagine the speaker behind the pretty words.Who do you think tells the story? What are the clues about the speaker’s personal traits?Who is the poem addressed to? How is the speaker connected to what he says in the poem?
Step #4: Focus on the poem’s form	Now, let’s take a look at the structure of the chosen poem. Classical poetry usually follows a set of rules and has an entirely predictable form. But don’t forget that modern poems are famous for being free of any rules, so don’t get frustrated if you can’t see a pattern. There is a slight difference between a verse and a stanza, but both of them indicate a group of lines in the poem. The piece that you chose to analyze might have a form of blank verse with no rhythms or a sonnet of fourteen lines. Some of the other most popular formats include couplet, tercet, quatrain, and sestina.
Step #5: Think of the poem’s tone	After we’ve talked about the speaker, we can’t miss looking into the tone of the poem. The author tries to convey a specific mood and attitude via the speaker and poetic devices. Moreover, see if any events bring up the themes.For instance, some poems may sound like songs; others may set a grieving mood. Does the tone switch at some point in the poem? Why? Are there any words that cause your feelings to change? What is the role of syntax in the poem’s tone? Don’t forget to note down the setting details here (time and place).
Step #6: Analyze the poem’s figurative language	We have already seen that the author uses language to set the mood and tone. However, there is a specific tool that can be found in almost every poem – figurative language. It is precisely the opposite of the literal meaning of the phrases. So any time the words don’t make sense to you, it’s probably figurative language. It adds one more layer of understanding of the poem. Usually, it comes in the form of comparison.Can you identify where the author uses it? What is the true meaning behind those words? Why does the author choose to use this figurative language?

📑 Poetry Analysis Essay: Outline

Nothing can help you with the writing process more than creating an outline for your poetry analysis essay. It can help you organize your ideas and thoughts better so that you don’t get lost. After completing the outline, the only thing you need to do is to follow the plan!

✔️	Introduction	It is always better to start your essay with a hook, which is meant to grab the reader’s attention. Then proceed with some general information about the poem. The last sentence should be your thesis statement.
✔️	Main body	Include all the steps mentioned above in the main body.Write about your first impression of the chosen poem.Describe how the title is related to the content.Answer the questions from the section above and write down what you understand about the speaker.Work through the structure and form of the poem.Present your findings regarding the tone.Include a detailed analysis of the figurative language used in the poem.
✔️	Conclusion	Paraphrase your thesis statement and add a few sentences about your main findings. If possible, make the last sentence memorable so that it will provoke a discussion or leave some food for thought.

Finishing this part of the writing process is basically half of the job. After this, you can complete your paper in no time!

👀 Poetry Analysis Essay: Examples

Go through this example of a poem analysis essay to better understand how it should look. Note that the sample is structured according to the outline and the writing steps described in the above sections.

Poem Analysis Essay: A Dream Within a Dream by Edgar Allan Poe

Introduction	How do you tell the difference between a dream and real life? Edgar Allan Poe elaborates on this issue in his famous poem, A Dream Within a Dream, published in 1849. Stylistically, it is somewhat different from his other works, but this technique is worth analyzing. He looks into the concept of time and perception, allowing the speaker’s philosophical monologue to flow easily. Creating an illusionary tone with the changing rhyme pattern, Poe desperately questions life’s reality and expresses his frustration with the quick passing of time.
Main body #1: Read the poem	The poem creates a feeling of a dream in which the narrator is lost. The speaker is disoriented and asks for guidance, as can be seen from the multiple questions. Moreover, it points out the possible romantic relationship at the core of the poem.
Main body #2: Focus on the title	The title of the poem, A Dream within a Dream, is tightly connected to the theme of illusion. It gives a clear understanding of the context of the poem. The speaker supposes that people live in the state of a dream without even realizing it.
Main body #3: Understand the speaker	The narrator is not introduced, but several facts can be concluded from the speech. The melancholic and frustrated tone might be an indication that the speaker has lost someone and suffers from depression. There are some hints that his lover is gone: regretting the wasted time and recalling the past sweet memories like a dream.
Main body #4: Focus on the poem’s form	Poe’s poem is divided into two stanzas forming 24 lines. To achieve his goal of creating a dream-like illusion, the author changes the rhyming pattern, which follows the scheme AAABBCCDDEE FFGGHHHII, making nine couplets and two triplets. Therefore, despite drastic turns and a seemingly chaotic structure, it is well balanced.
Main body #5: Think of the poem’s tone	Even though it seems like the poem’s tone is neutral, hints of depression can be caught. The narrator contemplates the reality and even the meaning of life. Poe uses the word “weep,” setting a helpless and futile tone for the poem. Therefore, the reader is supposed to feel pity or empathy towards the main character.
Main body #6: Analyze the figurative language	The author highlights how time slips away by using personification and comparing it to the sand: “Grains of the golden sand.” Moreover, there are several examples of metaphor, such as the line: “One from the pitiless wave.” The wave is called “pitiless” because it washes away the sand no matter what.
Conclusion	Using a surprising rhyming pattern, Edgar Allan Poe creates a depressive tone in the poem, encouraging the reader to wonder whether life is just an illusion where no one has control over the speedy flow of time. It may be suggested that the narrator grieves for his lover, feeling lost and frustrated. With the help of personification and metaphors, the author conveys the main idea of the poem. Is life an illusion?

Poem Analysis Essay Topics

Analysis of art creation in two poems.
Analyze Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare.
Stylistic devices used in the poem Daddy by Sylvia Plath.
Discuss the theme of the poem Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson.
Analyze the distinctive features of the epic poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
Analysis of the poem The Double Image by Anne Sexton.
Examine the devices used by Philip Larkin in The Explosion.
Analyze the epic poem Iliad by Homer.
The importance of rhythm in So, We’ll Go No More a-Roving by George Gordon Byron.
Discuss the basic elements of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen.
How Do I Love Thee by Barrett Browning: poem analysis.
Analyze the religious poem Death Be Not Proud by John Donne.
Discuss the importance of symbols in the epic poem Odyssey by Homer.
Examine the women characters portrayed in Rich’s poem Women.
Analyse the stylistic devices Wystan Hugh Auden uses to describe grief in his poem Funeral Blues.
Interpret the use of free verse in Women by Alice Walker.
Analysis of the poem Let America Be America Again by Langston Hughes.
The Donkey by Gilbert Keith Chesterton: poem analysis.
Describe the techniques Matsuo Basho uses to convey the splendor of nature.
Compare the devices E. Dickinson, J. Donne, and A. Sexton use to present different attitudes towards death.
Analyze rhetoric devices used in Gary Soto’s poems.
Identify the core idea of the poem Root Cellar by Theodore Roethke.
Reflection of the original culture in the epic poem Beowulf.
Analysis of the poem Richard Cory by Edwin Arlington.
Analyze the poem Daystar by Rita Dove.
Analyze and compare the poems Heaven by Cathy Song and La Migra by Pat Mora.
Return to childhood in poems by Hayden and Roethke.
Analysis of Elizabeth Bishop’s poem One Art.
Examine the main idea of Horace’s poem The Sacred Vine.
Describe the means Brooks uses to express her ideas in the poem Primer for Blacks.
Analyze the poem The White Man’s Burden by Rudyard Kipling.
Compare how the authors describe relationships between children and fathers in Rhina Espaillat’s Bilingual/Bilingüe and Robert Hayden’s Those Winter Sundays.
Analysis of the romantic poem Back to My Arms.
Discuss the stylistic devices used to convey the emotions in poems about war by Borden, Owen, Grenfell and Seaman.
Examine the importance of the structure in Poem for Haruko by June Jordan.
La Belle Dame sans Merci by John Keats: poem analysis.
Analyze the vocabulary used in Desert Places by Robert Frost.
Describe the rhetorical devices in American Arithmetic by Natalie Diaz.
Langston Hughes’ poetry analysis.
The poetic features in Song of Myself by Walt Whitman.
The main idea of The New Colossus by Emma Lazarus.
Discuss the role of strong imagery in Langston Hughes’ poem Dream Deferred.
The important features of The Waste Land by Eliot.
Analysis of the poem Philip Seymour Hoffman by Nick Flynn
The meaning of symbols in The Bitter River by Langston Hughes.
Analyze the poem When You Are Old by William Yeats.
Present the interpretation of the poem She Being Brand by E. E. Cummings.
Examine the main idea of the poem My Last Duchess by Robert Browning.
Analysis of the poem Love, I’m Done with You by Ross Gay.
Describe the techniques used by Marianne Moore to achieve realism in her poem Marriage.