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CBE (Council of Biology Editors) Citation Style

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Posted on August 12, 2007

Many natural sciences writers use the citation style recommended in CBE citation style guidelines, giving suggestion for styling and formatting scientific works, journals, and publication. So, its editors propose two methods for documenting and citing sources in CBE referencing: the name-year system and the citation-sequence system.

CBE Citation Style: citation-sequence system vs. name-year system

Using the citation-sequence system, you should cite only key sources from the reference list that are numbered according to their appearance in the text. Basically, in CBE referencing superscript number1 or a number in parentheses (1) are used. If a single reference provides more than one source, enumerate the source numbers1,3,6 in a series. Also, to separate more than two numbers1-3 in CBE citation samples a dash is used.
 
Using the name-year system in CBE citation style, key cited sources are located in the reference list alphabetically. In this very format, the publication date follows the author’s name immediately. The following CBE citation style example uses the name-year system: The discovery in normal cells of genes competent of causing tumours can be considered a breakpoint in cancer research (Steeling and others 1987). Recent work (Darker, Zhao, and Darker 1991) has proved the importance of this revelation.

Referencing in CBE: Parenthetical Citations

Under CBE citation style guidelines, parenthetical citations are applied near footnotes and endnotes directing the reader to a particular page in a source.
 
Here are some rules for parenthetical referencing in CBE:

  • Making an in-text CBE referencing, only a space is settled between the author’s name and the publication date: Photographic materials should be stored at 30% relative humidity (Gilson 1991).
  • Using CBE citation style, do not imply the author’s name and date if they are listed in the quoted text: In 2001, McCarty reported that 19% of HIV diseased at a Spanish hospital had drug resistance strains of the contagion.
  • CBE citation style examples show that references ending a sentence go within the last punctuation mark: Qualitative and quantitative research methods are the only mode to categorize research (Soakings 2003).
  • In CBE referencing, for a direct quotation, you should include the page number, the author’s last name and the publication date: “It has consequently become the schools’ affair to provide a place for teenagers to work out their problems with understanding counsel.” (Clementon 1944, 66).
  • CBE citation samples point that if you desire to cite more than one source in the same sentence, you have to locate them in chronological order in accordance with the publication date: Monitoring salmon migration in the Pacific Northwest is complicated by both biology and methodology (Doubles 1993; Hilbert 1998; Connor 2000).

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