AGU (American Geophysical Union) Citation Style

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Posted on August 12, 2007

Referencing (or citation style) is a standardized method to acknowledge information sources and ideas used in assignment uniquely identifying these sources. So, direct quotations with facts and figures (ideas and theories as well) from any kind of works (both published and unpublished) have to be referenced.

Citation of article in AGU referencing

Under AGU citation style guidelines, the citation displayed below includes: Author(s), Year of publication, Title of article, Title of journal, Volume number, Citation number, Digital Object Identifier (DOI).
AGU citation style example: First observations of a probable duration ULF waveform in the internal magnetosphere, J. Geophis. Res., 112, A03402, doi: 10.1029/2004JA008874.

AGU Citation Style: What is Citation Number

In AGU referencing, citation numbers are usually assigned at the publication time and sequential in frames of each issue or subject area/subset.
 
The citation number format shown above in the AGU citation style example is A03402: Read more

ACS (American Chemical Society) Citation Style

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Posted on August 12, 2007

To acknowledge someone’s research paper, you have to cite that work. In other words, you give information on this very paper in your annotated bibliography (or reference list). As usual, style guides or manuals define a special format for citing a source referred to in paper. Of course, certain disciplines argue different styles, so chemistry students in most cases are required to use ACS (American Chemical Society) citation style.

Referencing in ACS for Journal Articles

The basic form for ACS referencing as follows: Author’s last name-first initial period-Title of article-abbreviation for journal title-year-volume number-pages period.
 
As you can see below in ACS citation style example, the title of any article is desirable for finding it (but can be neglected by some journals; if there are multiple authors, they are separated by a semi-colon: Franks, T.; Lott, L. Ion Interchange Colophony Used in Nuclear Excessive Disposal. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 96, 133-145. Read more

MLA Citation Style

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Posted on August 4, 2007

The references you make in your text to other sources are very brief – usually only the author’s last name and page number.
 
For complete information about the source, your readers will refer to the annotated bibliography that you provide at the end of your paper.
 
1. List only works you have cited in the text of your paper, not everything you have read (unless your instructor requires additional sources).
2. Begin the list on a new numbered page after the last page of the paper or any endnotes. Center the heading Works Cited. Do not use quotation marks, underlining, or a period with the heading.
3. Begin each entry with the author’s name, last name first (or the corporate name or the title of the work if no author is stated). Give any authors after the first in normal order. If the work has no stated author, list the works alphabetically, by the first main word of each entry. Do not number the entries. Read more

The CBE Citation Style of Documentation in the Sciences and Mathematics

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Posted on August 4, 2007

Council of Biology Editors (CBE).
 
Use the following guidelines when preparing a list of references in CBE citation style:

1. Attach a list of references after the last page of your paper headed “References” or “Cited References”
2. Number the items consecutively in the order in which you mention the authors’ works in your paper. Invert authors’ names and use initials of first names, with no periods separating initials.
3. Begin each entry with the note number followed by a period and a space. Do not indent the first line of each entry; indent subsequent lines to align beneath the first letter of the previous entry.
4. Do not underline or use quotation marks for the titles of articles, books, or journals and other periodicals.
5. Abbreviate titles of journals and organizations.
6. Use a period between major divisions of each entry.
7. Use a semicolon and a space between the name of the publisher and the publication date of the book. Use a semicolon with no space between the date and the volume number of a journal.
8. For books, give the total number pages, followed by a space and “p.”

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APA Citation Style

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Posted on August 4, 2007

Two basic features of APA citation style:

1. In the text of your paper, include at least two pieces of information each time you cite a source:

• The last name(s) of the author (or authors);
• The date of the publication.

Include the page number, using the abbreviation “p.” or “pp.,” only when you quote directly.

2. At the end of the paper, include on a new numbered page a list entitled “References”, double-spaced and arranged alphabetically by author’s last names, followed by initials of other names, the date in parentheses, and other bibliographical information.

Basic Do’s and Don’ts for APA List of References: Read more

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