Research Paper Citation

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Posted on March 6, 2008

Before making a research paper, you should know exactly what citation style your paper should be written in. Besides, you should follow the rules of the required style citation.
 
Let us dwell upon the most commonly used research papers citation styles and consider the major issues of each of them that you should know about:

• APA research papers citation – this type of research paper citation is mostly used in Psychology, Education and other Social sciences. When writing a research paper Copy Manuscript in APA citation style, double-space all lines. If you are making use of APA for your Final Manuscript - single-space. The reference list should present the sources used in alphabetic order by the author’s name. To get more detailed information on APA research papers citation, visit http:// www. liunet.edu/cwis/cwp/ library/workshop/citapa.htm;
• MLA research paper citation – is used in Literature, Humanities and Arts. MLA paper text should be double spaced. The references should be alphabetized by the author’s last name. If a book has no author, it should be alphabetized by its title. MLA research papers citation implies a list of requirements for electronic documentation that you should follow. Detailed information you can read at http:// www.liunet. edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citmla.htm;
• AMA research paper citation – is related to Medicine, Health and Biology. AMA is the abbreviation for American Medical Association of Style. AMA research papers citation is applicable to journals, websites, books and other information sources. The items of AMA research paper are listed in the same order as they are cited in the text, numerically. You can read detailed information on AMA research papers citation at http:// www .liunet.edu/ cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citama.htm;
• Chicago research paper citation – is commonly used in the magazines, books, newspapers and other non-scholarly publications. There are 2 types of Chicago style: one of them is applicable to a Reference List, the other one is used for in-text citations. You can read full information on Chicago research papers citation here: http: //www. liunet.edu /cwis/cwp/library /workshop/citchi.htm

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The Vancouver Citation Style

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Posted on August 13, 2007

You must know that citation styles distinguish mostly in the placing, order, and syntax of information about references. There are some conditions which go into determining the suitable citation style, including branch of science, academic expectations (publication papers might be subject to another standards than term papers), research intentions of an assignment, and the personal preference of your instructor.
 
Vancouver citation style is the referencing system used in most top-level medical journals.
 
There are specified Vancouver citation style guidelines on how to execute Vancouver referencing, however different journals have delicate different formats for their references.

In-text citation and punctuation in Vancouver referencing

When referencing in Vancouver, for in-text citations you should use superscript Arabic numerals e.g. 2; the superscript number links immediately to the reference list at the end of the work piece (when quoting academic research, authors should cite references and elude reliance on abstracts). Read more

Oxford Citation Style

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Posted on August 12, 2007

Oxford referencing, or the documentary-note citation system, is used essentially in research works on certain history and philosophy departments.
 
Under Oxford citation style guidelines, the documentary-note system includes the following elements:

• citations in the paper body, using a raised number;
• footnotes list at the foot of each page, for all citations on that page. They are called endnotes if they appear at the end of any division;
• Annotated bibliography giving the details of each source and possibly other materials consulted in writing the paper.

Referencing in Oxford: Citing Sources

Superscript numbers with corresponding footnotes in Oxford citation style should be used each time information or ideas from sources are argued. These numbers are basically located at the end of a sentence rather than directly after the words referred. However, as Oxford citation samples show, they should be inserted plainly after direct quotes where possible. Read more

IEEE Citation Style

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Posted on August 12, 2007

Any citation style is determined to give the reader direct information about sources cited in the text. In IEEE citation style, the references should be numbered and emerge through the text. Referring in IEEE needs to put the reference number in square brackets, e.g. [1].

IEEE Referencing Features

Generally, the IEEE citation style has 3 main characteristics:

• The author’s name is first name (or initial) and last. In this point IEEE referencing is distinguished from MLA citation style where firstly is author’s last name.

• Any title is in quotation marks.
• But the title of journal or book is in italics.

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Harvard Citation Style

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Posted on August 12, 2007

Harvard Citation Style, also known as the author-date system, or parenthetical system, is used by many essay writers internationally.
 
The author-date system originated at Harvard University. Although its scientists no longer produce guidelines and manuals for referencing, a version of the author-date system is still considered as the Harvard referencing. Other author-date referencing styles include Chicago, APA and MLA citation style.

Harvard referencing: practical instructions

Here are some Harvard referencing examples to ease your perception: Read more

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